1 | @c |
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2 | @c COPYRIGHT (c) 1988-1998. |
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3 | @c On-Line Applications Research Corporation (OAR). |
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4 | @c All rights reserved. |
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5 | @c |
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6 | @c $Id$ |
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7 | @c |
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8 | |
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9 | @chapter Building the GNU C/C++ Cross Compiler Toolset |
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10 | |
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11 | This chapter describes the steps required to acquire the |
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12 | source code for a GNU cross compiler toolset, apply |
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13 | any required RTEMS specific patches, compile that |
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14 | toolset and install it. |
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15 | |
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16 | @section Create the Archive and Build Directories |
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17 | |
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18 | Start by making the @code{archive} directory to contain the downloaded |
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19 | source code and the @code{tools} directory to be used as a build |
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20 | directory. The command sequence to do this is shown |
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21 | below: |
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22 | |
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23 | @example |
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24 | mkdir archive |
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25 | mkdir tools |
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26 | @end example |
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27 | |
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28 | This will result in an initial directory structure similar to the |
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29 | one shown in the following figure: |
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30 | |
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31 | @example |
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32 | @group |
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33 | /whatever/prefix/you/choose/ |
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34 | archive/ |
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35 | tools/ |
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36 | |
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37 | @end group |
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38 | @end example |
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39 | |
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40 | @c @ifset use-html |
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41 | @c @html |
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42 | @c <IMG SRC="sfile12c.jpg" WIDTH=417 HEIGHT=178 |
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43 | @c ALT="Starting Directory Organization"> |
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44 | @c @end html |
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45 | @c @end ifset |
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46 | |
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47 | @section Get All the Pieces |
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48 | |
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49 | This section lists the components of an RTEMS cross development system. |
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50 | Included are the locations of each component as well as any required RTEMS |
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51 | specific patches. |
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52 | |
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53 | @subheading @value{GCC-VERSION} |
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54 | @example |
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55 | FTP Site: @value{GCC-FTPSITE} |
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56 | Directory: @value{GCC-FTPDIR} |
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57 | File: @value{GCC-TAR} |
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58 | @ifset use-html |
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59 | URL: @uref{Download @value{GCC-VERSION}, ftp://@value{GCC-FTPSITE}@value{GCC-HTTPDIR}} |
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60 | @end ifset |
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61 | @end example |
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62 | |
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63 | @subheading @value{BINUTILS-VERSION} |
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64 | @example |
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65 | FTP Site: @value{BINUTILS-FTPSITE} |
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66 | Directory: @value{BINUTILS-FTPDIR} |
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67 | File: @value{BINUTILS-TAR} |
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68 | @ifset use-html |
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69 | URL: @uref{ftp://@value{BINUTILS-FTPSITE}@value{BINUTILS-FTPDIR}/@value{BINUTILS-TAR},Download @value{BINUTILS-VERSION}} |
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70 | @end ifset |
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71 | @end example |
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72 | |
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73 | @subheading @value{NEWLIB-VERSION} |
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74 | @example |
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75 | FTP Site: @value{NEWLIB-FTPSITE} |
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76 | Directory: @value{NEWLIB-FTPDIR} |
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77 | File: @value{NEWLIB-TAR} |
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78 | @ifset use-html |
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79 | URL: @uref{ftp://@value{NEWLIB-FTPSITE}@value{NEWLIB-FTPDIR}/@value{NEWLIB-TAR}, Download @value{NEWLIB-VERSION}} |
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80 | @end ifset |
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81 | @end example |
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82 | |
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83 | @subheading @value{RTEMS-VERSION} |
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84 | @example |
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85 | FTP Site: @value{RTEMS-FTPSITE} |
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86 | Directory: @value{RTEMS-FTPDIR} |
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87 | File: @value{RTEMS-TAR} |
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88 | @ifset use-html |
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89 | URL: @uref{ftp://@value{RTEMS-FTPSITE}@value{RTEMS-FTPDIR}, Download RTEMS components} |
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90 | @end ifset |
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91 | @end example |
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92 | |
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93 | @subheading RTEMS Hello World |
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94 | @example |
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95 | FTP Site: @value{RTEMS-FTPSITE} |
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96 | Directory: @value{RTEMS-FTPDIR} |
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97 | File: hello_world_c.tgz |
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98 | @ifset use-html |
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99 | URL: @uref{ftp://@value{RTEMS-FTPSITE}@value{RTEMS-FTPDIR}/hello_world_c.tgz, Download RTEMS Hello World} |
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100 | @end ifset |
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101 | @end example |
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102 | |
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103 | @subheading RTEMS Specific Tool Patches and Scripts |
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104 | @example |
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105 | FTP Site: @value{RTEMS-FTPSITE} |
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106 | Directory: @value{RTEMS-FTPDIR}/c_tools |
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107 | File: @value{BUILDTOOLS-TAR} |
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108 | @ifset BINUTILS-RTEMSPATCH |
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109 | File: @value{BINUTILS-RTEMSPATCH} |
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110 | @end ifset |
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111 | @ifset NEWLIB-RTEMSPATCH |
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112 | File: @value{NEWLIB-RTEMSPATCH} |
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113 | @end ifset |
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114 | @ifset GCC-RTEMSPATCH |
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115 | File: @value{GCC-RTEMSPATCH} |
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116 | @end ifset |
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117 | @ifset use-html |
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118 | URL: @uref{ftp://@value{RTEMS-FTPSITE}@value{RTEMS-FTPDIR}/c_tools,Download RTEMS Patches and Scripts} |
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119 | @end ifset |
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120 | @end example |
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121 | |
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122 | @section Unarchiving the Tools |
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123 | |
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124 | While in the @code{tools} directory, unpack the compressed |
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125 | tar files using the following command sequence: |
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126 | |
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127 | @example |
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128 | cd tools |
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129 | tar xzf ../archive/@value{GCC-TAR} |
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130 | tar xzf ../archive/@value{BINUTILS-TAR} |
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131 | tar xzf ../archive/@value{NEWLIB-TAR} |
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132 | tar xzf ../archive/@value{BUILDTOOLS-TAR} |
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133 | @end example |
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134 | |
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135 | After the compressed tar files have been unpacked, the following |
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136 | directories will have been created under tools. |
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137 | |
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138 | @itemize @bullet |
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139 | @item @value{BINUTILS-UNTAR} |
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140 | @item @value{GCC-UNTAR} |
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141 | @item @value{NEWLIB-UNTAR} |
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142 | @end itemize |
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143 | |
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144 | There will also be a set of scripts in the current directory |
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145 | which aid in building the tools and RTEMS. They are: |
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146 | |
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147 | @itemize @bullet |
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148 | @item bit |
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149 | @item bit_gdb |
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150 | @item bit_rtems |
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151 | @item common.sh |
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152 | @item user.cfg |
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153 | @end itemize |
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154 | |
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155 | When the @code{bit} script is executed later in this process, |
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156 | it will automatically create two other subdirectories: |
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157 | |
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158 | @itemize @bullet |
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159 | @item src |
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160 | @item build-$@{CPU@}-tools |
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161 | @end itemize |
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162 | |
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163 | Similarly, the @code{bit_gdb} script will create the |
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164 | subdirectory @code{build-$@{CPU@}-gdb} and |
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165 | the @code{bit_rtems} script will create the |
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166 | subdirectory @code{build-$@{CPU@}-rtems}. |
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167 | |
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168 | The tree should look something like the following figure: |
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169 | |
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170 | @example |
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171 | @group |
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172 | /whatever/prefix/you/choose/ |
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173 | archive/ |
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174 | @value{GCC-TAR} |
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175 | @value{BINUTILS-TAR} |
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176 | @value{NEWLIB-TAR} |
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177 | @value{RTEMS-TAR} |
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178 | @value{BUILDTOOLS-TAR} |
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179 | @ifset GCC-RTEMSPATCH |
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180 | @value{GCC-RTEMSPATCH} |
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181 | @end ifset |
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182 | @ifset BINUTILS-RTEMSPATCH |
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183 | @value{BINUTILS-RTEMSPATCH} |
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184 | @end ifset |
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185 | @ifset NEWLIB-RTEMSPATCH |
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186 | @value{NEWLIB-RTEMSPATCH} |
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187 | @end ifset |
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188 | hello_world_c.tgz |
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189 | bit |
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190 | tools/ |
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191 | @value{BINUTILS-UNTAR}/ |
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192 | @value{GCC-UNTAR}/ |
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193 | @value{NEWLIB-UNTAR}/ |
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194 | @value{RTEMS-UNTAR}/ |
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195 | bit |
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196 | bit_gdb |
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197 | bit_rtems |
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198 | common.sh |
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199 | user.cfg |
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200 | @end group |
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201 | @end example |
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202 | |
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203 | |
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204 | @c @ifset use-html |
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205 | @c @html |
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206 | @c <IMG SRC="bit_c.jpg" WIDTH=816 HEIGHT=267 ALT="Directory Organization"> |
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207 | @c @end html |
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208 | @c @end ifset |
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209 | |
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210 | @c |
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211 | @c Host Specific Notes |
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212 | @c |
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213 | |
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214 | @section Host Specific Notes |
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215 | |
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216 | @subsection Solaris 2.x |
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217 | |
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218 | The build scripts are written in "shell". The program @code{/bin/sh} |
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219 | on Solaris 2.x is not robust enough to execute these scripts. If you |
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220 | are on a Solaris 2.x host, then change the first line of the files |
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221 | @code{bit}, @code{bit_gdb}, and @code{bit_rtems} to use the |
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222 | @code{/bin/ksh} shell instead. |
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223 | |
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224 | @subsection Linux |
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225 | |
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226 | @subsubsection Broken install Program |
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227 | |
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228 | Certain versions of GNU fileutils include a version of @code{install} which |
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229 | does not work properly. Please perform the following test to see if you |
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230 | need to upgrade: |
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231 | |
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232 | @example |
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233 | install -c -d /tmp/foo/bar |
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234 | @end example |
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235 | |
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236 | If this does not create the specified directories your install |
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237 | program will not install RTEMS properly. You will need to upgrade |
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238 | to at least GNU fileutile version 3.16 to resolve this problem. |
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239 | |
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240 | @c |
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241 | @c Reading the Documentation |
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242 | @c |
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243 | |
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244 | @section Reading the Tools Documentation |
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245 | |
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246 | Each of the tools in the GNU development suite comes with documentation. |
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247 | It is in the reader's and tool maintainers' interest that one read the |
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248 | documentation before posting a problem to a mailing list or news group. |
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249 | |
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250 | @c |
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251 | @c EGCS patches |
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252 | @c |
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253 | |
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254 | @section Apply RTEMS Patch to EGCS |
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255 | |
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256 | @ifclear GCC-RTEMSPATCH |
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257 | No RTEMS specific patches are required for @value{GCC-VERSION} to |
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258 | support @value{RTEMS-VERSION}. |
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259 | @end ifclear |
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260 | |
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261 | @ifset GCC-RTEMSPATCH |
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262 | |
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263 | Apply the patch using the following command sequence: |
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264 | |
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265 | @example |
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266 | cd tools/@value{GCC-UNTAR} |
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267 | zcat ../../archive/@value{GCC-RTEMSPATCH} | patch -p1 |
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268 | @end example |
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269 | |
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270 | Check to see if any of these patches have been rejected using the following |
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271 | sequence: |
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272 | |
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273 | @example |
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274 | cd tools/@value{GCC-UNTAR} |
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275 | find . -name "*.rej" -print |
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276 | @end example |
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277 | |
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278 | If any files are found with the .rej extension, a patch has been rejected. |
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279 | This should not happen with a good patch file which is properly applied. |
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280 | |
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281 | @end ifset |
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282 | |
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283 | @c |
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284 | @c BINUTILS patches |
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285 | @c |
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286 | |
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287 | @section Apply RTEMS Patch to binutils |
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288 | |
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289 | @ifclear BINUTILS-RTEMSPATCH |
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290 | No RTEMS specific patches are required for @value{BINUTILS-VERSION} to |
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291 | support @value{RTEMS-VERSION}. |
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292 | @end ifclear |
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293 | |
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294 | @ifset BINUTILS-RTEMSPATCH |
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295 | Apply the patch using the following command sequence: |
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296 | |
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297 | @example |
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298 | cd tools/@value{BINUTILS-UNTAR} |
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299 | zcat ../../archive/@value{BINUTILS-RTEMSPATCH} | patch -p1 |
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300 | @end example |
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301 | |
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302 | Check to see if any of these patches have been rejected using the following |
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303 | sequence: |
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304 | |
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305 | @example |
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306 | cd tools/@value{BINUTILS-UNTAR} |
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307 | find . -name "*.rej" -print |
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308 | @end example |
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309 | |
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310 | If any files are found with the .rej extension, a patch has been rejected. |
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311 | This should not happen with a good patch file which is properly applied. |
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312 | |
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313 | @end ifset |
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314 | |
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315 | @c |
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316 | @c Newlib patches |
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317 | @c |
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318 | |
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319 | @section Apply RTEMS Patch to newlib |
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320 | |
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321 | @ifclear NEWLIB-RTEMSPATCH |
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322 | No RTEMS specific patches are required for @value{NEWLIB-VERSION} to |
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323 | support @value{RTEMS-VERSION}. |
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324 | @end ifclear |
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325 | |
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326 | @ifset NEWLIB-RTEMSPATCH |
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327 | |
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328 | Apply the patch using the following command sequence: |
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329 | |
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330 | @example |
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331 | cd tools/@value{NEWLIB-UNTAR} |
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332 | zcat ../../archive/@value{NEWLIB-RTEMSPATCH} | patch -p1 |
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333 | @end example |
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334 | |
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335 | Check to see if any of these patches have been rejected using the following |
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336 | sequence: |
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337 | |
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338 | @example |
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339 | cd tools/@value{NEWLIB-UNTAR} |
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340 | find . -name "*.rej" -print |
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341 | @end example |
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342 | |
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343 | If any files are found with the .rej extension, a patch has been rejected. |
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344 | This should not happen with a good patch file which is properly applied. |
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345 | |
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346 | @end ifset |
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347 | |
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348 | @c |
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349 | @c Localizing the Configuration |
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350 | @c |
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351 | |
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352 | @section Localizing the Configuration |
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353 | |
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354 | Edit the @code{user.cfg} file to alter the settings of various |
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355 | variables which are used to tailor the build process. |
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356 | Each of the variables set in @code{user.cfg} may be modified |
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357 | as described below: |
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358 | |
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359 | @table @code |
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360 | @item INSTALL_POINT |
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361 | is the location where you wish the GNU C/C++ cross compilation tools for |
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362 | RTEMS to be built. It is recommended that the directory chosen to receive |
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363 | these tools be named so that it is clear from which egcs distribution it |
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364 | was generated and for which target system the tools are to produce code for. |
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365 | |
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366 | @b{WARNING}: The @code{INSTALL_POINT} should not be a subdirectory |
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367 | under the build directory. The build directory will be removed |
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368 | automatically upon successful completion of the build procedure. |
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369 | |
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370 | @item BINUTILS |
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371 | is the directory under tools that contains @value{BINUTILS-UNTAR}. |
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372 | For example: |
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373 | |
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374 | @example |
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375 | BINUTILS=@value{BINUTILS-UNTAR} |
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376 | @end example |
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377 | |
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378 | @item GCC |
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379 | is the directory under tools that contains @value{GCC-UNTAR}. |
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380 | For example, |
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381 | |
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382 | @example |
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383 | GCC=@value{GCC-UNTAR} |
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384 | @end example |
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385 | |
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386 | @item NEWLIB |
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387 | is the directory under tools that contains @value{NEWLIB-UNTAR}. |
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388 | For example: |
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389 | |
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390 | @example |
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391 | NEWLIB=@value{NEWLIB-UNTAR} |
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392 | @end example |
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393 | |
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394 | @item BUILD_DOCS |
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395 | is set to "yes" if you want to install documentation. |
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396 | For example: |
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397 | |
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398 | @example |
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399 | BUILD_DOCS=yes |
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400 | @end example |
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401 | |
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402 | @item BUILD_OTHER_LANGUAGES |
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403 | is set to "yes" if you want to build languages other than C and C++. At |
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404 | the current time, this enables Fortan and Objective-C. |
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405 | For example: |
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406 | |
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407 | @example |
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408 | BUILD_OTHER_LANGUAGES=yes |
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409 | @end example |
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410 | |
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411 | @b{NOTE:} Based upon the version of the compiler being used, it may not |
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412 | be possible to build languages other than C and C++ cross. In many cases, |
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413 | the language run-time support libraries are not "multilib'ed". Thus the |
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414 | executable code in these libraries will be for the default compiler settings |
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415 | and not necessarily be correct for your CPU model. |
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416 | |
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417 | @item RTEMS |
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418 | is the directory under tools that contails @value{RTEMS-UNTAR}. |
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419 | |
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420 | @item ENABLE_RTEMS_POSIX |
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421 | is set to "yes" if you want to enable the RTEMS POSIX API support. |
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422 | At this time, this feature is not supported by the UNIX ports of RTEMS |
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423 | and is forced to "no" for those targets. This corresponds to the |
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424 | @code{configure} option @code{--enable-posix}. |
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425 | |
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426 | @item ENABLE_RTEMS_TESTS |
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427 | is set to "yes" if you want to build the RTEMS Test Suite. If this |
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428 | is set to "no", then only the Sample Tests will be built. |
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429 | This corresponds to the @code{configure} option @code{--enable-tests}. |
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430 | |
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431 | @item ENABLE_RTEMS_TCPIP |
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432 | is set to "yes" if you want to build the RTEMS TCP/IP Stack. If a |
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433 | particular BSP does not support TCP/IP, then this feature is automatically |
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434 | disabled. This corresponds to the @code{configure} option |
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435 | @code{--enable-tcpip}. |
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436 | |
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437 | @item ENABLE_RTEMS_CXX |
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438 | is set to "yes" if you want to build the RTEMS C++ support including |
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439 | the C++ Wrapper for the Classic API. This corresponds to the |
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440 | @code{configure} option @code{--enable-cxx}. |
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441 | @end table |
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442 | |
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443 | @section Running the bit Script |
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444 | |
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445 | After the @code{bit} script has been modified to reflect the |
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446 | local installation, the modified @code{bit} script is run |
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447 | using the following sequence: |
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448 | |
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449 | @example |
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450 | cd tools |
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451 | ./bit <target configuration> |
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452 | @end example |
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453 | |
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454 | Where <target configuration> is one of the following: |
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455 | |
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456 | @itemize @bullet |
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457 | @item hppa1.1 |
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458 | @item i386 |
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459 | @item i386-elf |
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460 | @item i386-go32 |
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461 | @item i960 |
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462 | @item m68k |
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463 | @item mips64orion |
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464 | @item powerpc |
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465 | @item sh |
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466 | @item sparc |
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467 | @end itemize |
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468 | |
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469 | If no errors are encountered, the @code{bit} script will conclude by |
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470 | printing messages similar to the following: |
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471 | |
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472 | @example |
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473 | |
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474 | The src and build-i386-tools subdirectory may now be removed. |
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475 | |
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476 | Started: Fri Apr 10 10:14:07 CDT 1998 |
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477 | Finished: Fri Apr 10 12:01:33 CDT 1998 |
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478 | @end example |
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479 | |
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480 | If the @code{bit} script successfully completes, then the |
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481 | GNU C/C++ cross compilation tools are installed. |
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482 | |
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483 | If the @code{bit} script does not successfully complete, then investigation |
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484 | will be required to determine the source of the error. |
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485 | |
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486 | @section Common Problems |
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487 | |
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488 | @subsection Error Message Indicates Invalid Option to Assembler |
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489 | |
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490 | If a message like this is printed then the new cross compiler |
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491 | is most likely using the native assembler instead of the cross |
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492 | assembler or vice-versa (native compiler using new cross assembler). |
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493 | This can occur for one of the following reasons: |
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494 | |
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495 | @itemize @bullet |
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496 | |
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497 | @item Binutils Patch Improperly Applied |
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498 | @item Binutils Not Built |
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499 | @item Current Directory is in Your PATH |
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500 | |
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501 | @end itemize |
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502 | |
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503 | If you are using binutils 2.9.1 or newer with certain versions of |
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504 | egcs and gcc, they do not agree on what the name of the newly |
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505 | generated cross assembler is. Older binutils called it @code{as.new} |
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506 | which became @code{as.new.exe} under Windows. This is not a valid |
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507 | file name, so @code{as.new} is now called @code{as-new}. By using the latest |
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508 | released tool versions and RTEMS patches, this problem will be avoided. |
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509 | |
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510 | If binutils did not successfully build the cross assembler, then |
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511 | the new cross gcc (@code{xgcc}) used to build the libraries can not |
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512 | find it. Make sure the build of the binutils succeeded. |
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513 | |
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514 | If you include the current directory in your PATH, then there |
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515 | is a chance that the native compiler will accidentally use |
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516 | the new cross assembler instead of the native one. This usually |
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517 | indicates that "." is before the standard system directories |
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518 | in your PATH. As a general rule, including "." in your PATH |
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519 | is a security risk and should be avoided. Remove "." from |
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520 | your PATH. |
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521 | |
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522 | @subsection Error Messages Indicating Configuration Problems |
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523 | |
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524 | If you see error messages like the following, |
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525 | |
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526 | @itemize @bullet |
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527 | |
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528 | @item cannot configure libliberty |
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529 | @item coff-emulation not found |
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530 | @item etc. |
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531 | |
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532 | @end itemize |
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533 | |
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534 | Then it is likely that one or more of your gnu tools is |
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535 | already configured locally in its source tree. You can check |
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536 | for this by searching for the @code{config.status} file |
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537 | in the various tool source trees. The following command |
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538 | does this for the binutils source: |
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539 | |
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540 | @example |
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541 | find @value{BINUTILS-UNTAR} -name config.status -print |
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542 | @end example |
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543 | |
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544 | The solution for this is to execute the command |
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545 | @code{make distclean} in each of the GNU tools |
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546 | root source directory. This should remove all |
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547 | generated files including Makefiles. |
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548 | |
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549 | This situation usually occurs when you have previously |
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550 | built the tool source for some non-RTEMS target. The |
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551 | generated configuration specific files are still in |
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552 | the source tree and the include path specified during |
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553 | the RTEMS build accidentally picks up the previous |
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554 | configuration. The include path used is something like |
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555 | this: |
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556 | |
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557 | @example |
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558 | -I../../@value{BINUTILS-UNTAR}/gcc -I/@value{BINUTILS-UNTAR}/gcc/include -I. |
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559 | @end example |
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560 | |
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561 | Note that the tool source directory is searched before the |
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562 | build directory. |
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563 | |
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564 | This situation can be avoided entirely by never using |
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565 | the source tree as the build directory -- even for |
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566 | native builds. |
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