source: rtems/cpukit/score/cpu/x86_64/x86_64-context-initialize.c @ 6869321

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2018.
 * Amaan Cheval <amaan.cheval@gmail.com>
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

#include <rtems/score/cpu.h>
#include <rtems/score/tls.h>

/*
 * Stack alignment note:
 *
 * Per the x86-64 SysV ABI, the stack frame layout is as follows:
 *       optional args
 *       ------        (16-byte alignment boundary)
 * RSP-> return_addr   (RSP is moved lower as needed for this frame)
 *
 * Per the ABI:
 *
 *  > The end of the input argument area shall be aligned on a 16 (32 or 64, if
 *    __m256 or __m512 is passed on stack) byte boundary.
 *
 *  > In other words, the value (%rsp + 8) is always a multiple of 16 (32 or 64)
 *    when control is transferred to the function entry point.
 *
 * We want the stack to look to the '_entry_point' routine
 * like an ordinary stack frame as if '_entry_point' was
 * called from C-code.
 * Note that '_entry_point' is jumped-to by the 'ret'
 * instruction returning from _CPU_Context_switch() or
 * _CPU_Context_restore() thus popping the _entry_point
 * from the stack.
 *
 * Hence we must initialize the stack as follows
 *
 *         [arg0 (aligned)]:  n/a
 *         [ret. addr     ]:  NULL
 * RSP->   [jump-target   ]:  _entry_point
 *
 * When Context_switch returns it pops the _entry_point from
 * the stack which then finds a standard layout.
 */
void _CPU_Context_Initialize(
  Context_Control *the_context,
  void *stack_area_begin,
  size_t stack_area_size,
  uint32_t new_level,
  void (*entry_point)( void ),
  bool is_fp,
  void *tls_area
)
{
  uintptr_t _stack;

  /* avoid warning for being unused */
  (void) is_fp;

  // XXX: Should be used in the future
  (void) tls_area;

  if ( new_level ) {
    the_context->rflags = CPU_EFLAGS_INTERRUPTS_OFF;
  }
  else {
    the_context->rflags = CPU_EFLAGS_INTERRUPTS_ON;
  }

  _stack  = ((uintptr_t) stack_area_begin) + stack_area_size;
  _stack &= ~(CPU_STACK_ALIGNMENT - 1);
  _stack -= sizeof(uintptr_t); /* fake return address for entry_point's frame;
                                * this allows rsp+8 to be an aligned boundary */
  *((proc_ptr *) _stack) = entry_point;

  the_context->rbp     = (void *) 0;
  the_context->rsp     = (void *) _stack;

  // XXX: Initialize thread-local storage area (TLS / TCB)
}