| 1 | .\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1991, 1993 |
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| 2 | .\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. |
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| 3 | .\" |
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| 4 | .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without |
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| 5 | .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions |
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| 6 | .\" are met: |
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| 7 | .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright |
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| 8 | .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. |
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| 9 | .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright |
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| 10 | .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the |
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| 11 | .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. |
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| 12 | .\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software |
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| 13 | .\" must display the following acknowledgement: |
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| 14 | .\" This product includes software developed by the University of |
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| 15 | .\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. |
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| 16 | .\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors |
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| 17 | .\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software |
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| 18 | .\" without specific prior written permission. |
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| 19 | .\" |
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| 20 | .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND |
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| 21 | .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE |
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| 22 | .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE |
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| 23 | .\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE |
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| 24 | .\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL |
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| 25 | .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS |
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| 26 | .\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) |
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| 27 | .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT |
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| 28 | .\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY |
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| 29 | .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF |
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| 30 | .\" SUCH DAMAGE. |
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| 31 | .\" |
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| 32 | .\" @(#)byteorder.3 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93 |
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| 33 | .\" $Id$ |
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| 34 | .\" |
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| 35 | .Dd June 4, 1993 |
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| 36 | .Dt BYTEORDER 3 |
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| 37 | .Os BSD 4.2 |
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| 38 | .Sh NAME |
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| 39 | .Nm htonl , |
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| 40 | .Nm htons , |
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| 41 | .Nm ntohl , |
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| 42 | .Nm ntohs |
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| 43 | .Nd convert values between host and network byte order |
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| 44 | .Sh SYNOPSIS |
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| 45 | .Fd #include <sys/param.h> |
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| 46 | .Ft u_long |
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| 47 | .Fn htonl "u_long hostlong" |
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| 48 | .Ft u_short |
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| 49 | .Fn htons "u_short hostshort" |
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| 50 | .Ft u_long |
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| 51 | .Fn ntohl "u_long netlong" |
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| 52 | .Ft u_short |
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| 53 | .Fn ntohs "u_short netshort" |
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| 54 | .Sh DESCRIPTION |
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| 55 | These routines convert 16 and 32 bit quantities between network |
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| 56 | byte order and host byte order. |
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| 57 | On machines which have a byte order which is the same as the network |
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| 58 | order, routines are defined as null macros. |
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| 59 | .Pp |
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| 60 | These routines are most often used in conjunction with Internet |
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| 61 | addresses and ports as returned by |
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| 62 | .Xr gethostbyname 3 |
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| 63 | and |
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| 64 | .Xr getservent 3 . |
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| 65 | .Sh SEE ALSO |
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| 66 | .Xr gethostbyname 3 , |
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| 67 | .Xr getservent 3 |
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| 68 | .Sh HISTORY |
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| 69 | The |
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| 70 | .Nm byteorder |
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| 71 | functions appeared in |
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| 72 | .Bx 4.2 . |
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| 73 | .Sh BUGS |
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| 74 | On the |
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| 75 | .Tn VAX |
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| 76 | bytes are handled backwards from most everyone else in |
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| 77 | the world. This is not expected to be fixed in the near future. |
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