source: rtems/c/src/lib/libbsp/m68k/mvme167/README @ 4e4e691

4.104.114.84.95
Last change on this file since 4e4e691 was 4e4e691, checked in by Joel Sherrill <joel.sherrill@…>, on 02/24/99 at 15:37:49

Patch from Charles Gauthier <Charles.Gauthier@…> to address
FP issues on this target:

The default variants of libc, libm and libgcc assume that a 68881
coprocessor is present. Without the FPSP, any floating point operation,
including printf() with a "%f" format specifier, is likely to cause an
unimplemented instruction exception.

The FPSP works with the default variants of libc, libm and libgcc. It does not
work in conjunction with the msoft-float variants. The paranoia test goes into
an infinite loop at milestone 40. I am guessing that floor() is returning an
incorrect value.

The msoft-float variants of libc, libm and libgcc appear to do floating point
I/O properly. They only failed in paranoia. Offhand, I can't think of why they
would conflict with the FPSP, so I think that there is something wrong with the
msoft-float code. It might be my installation.

Given my experiences, I decided to install the FPSP in bsp_start(), and to link
against the default variants of libc, libm and libgcc. This causes the
executables to increase in size by about 60 KB. The README file and the
mvme167.cfg specify how to remove the FPSP, and how to link against the
msoft-float variants of the libraries. This is not what Eric Norum had done: on
my host, his gen68360_040 port links RTEMS code with the msoft-float variants
of libc and libm, and the default variant of libgcc. In this configuration, the
output of printf() with "%f" is garbage on my target.

  • Property mode set to 100644
File size: 16.8 KB
Line 
1#
2#  $Id$
3#
4
5This is a README file for the MVME167 port of RTEMS 4.0.0.
6
7Please send any comments, improvements, or bug reports to:
8
9Charles-Antoine Gauthier
10Software Engineering Group
11Institute for Information Technology
12National Research Council of Canada
13Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6
14Canada
15
16charles.gauthier@iit.nrc.ca
17 
18
19Disclaimer
20----------
21
22The National Research Council of Canada is distributing this RTEMS
23board support package for the Motorola MVME167 as free software; you
24can redistribute it and/or modify it under terms of the GNU General
25Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
26version 2, or (at your option) any later version.  This software is
27distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
28WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
29FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
30for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General
31Public License along with RTEMS; see file COPYING. If not, write to
32the Free Software Foundation, 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
33
34Under no circumstances will the National Research Council of Canada
35nor Her Majesty the Queen in right of Canada assume any liablility
36for the use this software, nor any responsibility for its quality or
37its support.
38
39
40Installation
41------------
42
43Nothing unique to the MVME167. It uses the standard build process for
44m68k targets. You will need to edit linkcmds to put in the start address
45of your board. We do TFTP transfers to our target. The mvme167.cfg file
46builds only the coff images, which we download to the target, skipping over
47the first 0xA8 bytes; Motorola S-records are not generated. Edit this file
48if you want S-records.
49
50
51Port Description
52Console driver
53
54----------------
55
56This BSP includes an termios-capable console driver that supports all
57four serial ports on the MVME167 model. The RTEMS console, /dev/console,
58corresponds to channel 1 in the CD2401. This corresponds to Serial Port
592/TTY01 on the MVME712M. Serial Port 1/Console is normally used by 167Bug;
60do not open /dev/tty00 if you are debugging using 167Bug.
61
62The console is initialized with whatever parameters are set up in termios
63before it calls the firtOpen driver callback, EXCEPT THAT HARDWARE HANDSHAKING
64IS TURNED OFF, i.e. CLOCAL is set in the struct termios c_cflag field. We use
653-wire cables for I/O, and find hardware handshaking a pain. If you enable
66hardware handshaking, you must drive CTS* low on the CD2401 for output to
67occur. If the port is in the DTE configuration, you must drive the RS-232 CTS
68line to space; if the port is in the DCE configuration, you must drive the
69RS-232 RTS line to space.
70
71Limited support is provided for polled terminal I/O. This is used when running
72the timing tests. Set the CD2401_POLLED_IO manifest constant to 1 in
73rtems/c/src/lib/libbsp/m68k/mvme167/console/console.c to enable polled I/O.
74In this case, I/O is done through 167Bug, usually to the Serial Port 1/Console
75
76Floating-point
77
78The MC68040 has a built-in FPU. This FPU does not implement all the
79instruction of the MC68881/MC68882 floating-point coprocessors in hardware.
80The -m68040 compilation options instructs gcc to not generate the missing
81instructions. All of the RTEMS code is built this way. Some of the missing
82functionality must be supplied by external libraries. The required functions
83are part of libgcc.a.
84
85The issue gets complicated because libc, libm and libgcc do not come as
86m68040-specific variants. The default variants of these libraries are for the
87MC68020 and MC68030. There are specific variants for the MC68000 (which has
88limited addressing modes with respect to later family members), and specific
89variants for systems without a floating-point unit, either a built-in FPU or
90a coprocessor. These latter variants will be referred to as the msoft-float
91variants. There is a msoft-float variant for the MC68000, and one for the
92other family members.
93
94The default variants of libc, libm and libgcc appear to work just fine for the
95MC68040, AS LONG AS NO FLOATING POINT FUNCTIONS ARE CALLED. In particular,
96printf() and scanf() raise unimplemented floating-point instruction exceptions
97at run time. Expect almost every function that must compute a floating-point
98result to also raise unimplemented floating-point instruction exceptions. Do
99not use these variants if your application does any floating-point operations,
100unless you use the Motorola FPSP package (described further down).
101
102The msoft-float variants do print out floating-point numbers properly, but we
103have not tested them extensively, so use them with caution. In particular,
104the Paranoia test fails when linked with the msoft-float variants of the
105libraries; it goes into an infinite loop after milestone 40.
106
107MSOFT_FLOAT VARIANTS MUST BE USED TOGETHER. If you use the msoft-float variant
108of libc and libm, you must also linked with the msoft-float variant of libgcc,
109otherwise calls such as printf() print out floating-point values incorrectly.
110
111RTEMS comes with the Motorola FPSP (Floating-Point Support Package) for the
112MC68040 (rtems/c/src/lib/libcp/m68k/m68040/fpsp). This package emulates the
113missing floating-point instructions. It is built automatically for the
114MVME167 and installed in bsp_start().
115
116The FPSP allows the use of the default variants of libc, libm and libgcc.
117It also runs the paranoia test properly, and prints out the correct results.
118It should probably be used in preference to the msoft-float libraries, as it
119appears to work better. The disadvantage of the FPSP is that it increases the
120size of the executable by about 60KB and that it relies on run time
121exceptions.
122
123If your application does not do any floating-point operations at all, you
124should consider disabling the FPSP. In bsp_start(), emove the call to
125M68KFPSPInstallExceptionHandlers(), and uncomment the three lines in
126mvme167.cfg that redefine which variants of libc, libm and libgcc to link
127against.
128
129
130Miscellaneous
131
132port. Interrupt-driven and polled I/O cannot be mixed in the MVME167.
133
134The timer and clock drivers were patterned after the MVME162 and MVME152
135ports.
136
137At this time, we do not have an MPCI layer for the MVME167. We are planning
138to write one.
139
140The port does not have a network driver.
141
142This port supplies its own fatal_error_handler, which attempts to print some
143error message through 167Bug (on the Serial Port 1/Console on the MVME712M).
144
145
146Host System
147-----------
148
149The port was initially developed on an RS-6000 running AIX 4.2. The following
150tools were used:
151
152    - GNU gcc 2.8.1 configured for a powerpc-ibm-aix4.2.0.0 host and
153      m68k-rtems target;
154    - GNU binutils 2.9.1 configured for a powerpc-ibm-aix4.2.0.0 host and
155      m68k-rtems target;
156It was also tested on a Pentium II-based PC running Windows NT Workstation 4.0
157and the Cygnus Cygwin32 release b20.1 environment, witht he following tools:
158
159    - EGCS 1.1.1 configured for a i586-cygwin32 host and m68k-rtems target;
160    - GNU binutils 2.9.4 configured for a i586-cygwin32 host and m68k-rtems
161      target;
162    - Cygnus newlib 1.8.0 with RTEMS 4.0.0 patches.
163
164With the latter environment, be patient; builds take a very looong time...
165
166    - Cygnus newlib 1.8.0 with RTEMS 4.0.0 patches.
167
168
169Known Problems
170--------------
171
172The cdtest will not run with interrupt-driven I/O. The reason is that the
173constructors for the static objects are called at boot time when the
174interrupts are still disabled. The output buffer fills up, but never empties,
175and the application goes into an infinite loop waiting for buffer space. This
176should have been documented in the rtems/c/src/tests/PROBLEMS file. The moral
177of this story is: do not do I/O from the constructors or destructors of static
178objects.
179
180The cpuuse and malloctest tests do not work properly, either with polled I/O
181or interrupt-driven I/O. They are known not to work with interrupt-driven I/O,
182but should work with polled I/O?
183
184Output stops prematurely in the termios test when the console is operating in
185interrupt-driven mode because the serial port is re-initialized before all
186characters in the last raw output buffer are sent. Adding calls to tcdrain()
187in the test task helps, but it does not solve the problem. What happens is
188that the CD2401 raises a transmit interrupt when the last character in the
189DMA buffer is written into the transmit FIFO, not when the last character
190has been transmitted. When tcdrain() returns, there might be up to 16
191characters in the output FIFO. The call to tcsetattr() causes the serial port
192to re-initialize, at which point the output FIFO is cleared. We could not find
193a way to detect whether characters are still in the FIFO and to wait for them
194to be transmitted.
195
196The first raw buffer to be transmitted after the console is re-initialized
197with tcsetattr() is garbled. At this time, it does not seem worth while to
198track this problem down.
199
200In the stackchk test, an access fault exception is raised after the stack is
201blown. This is one case were overwritting the first or last 16 bytes of the
202stack does cause problems (but hey, an exception occurred, which is better
203than propagating the error).
204
205When using interrupt-driven I/O, psx08 produces all the expected output, but
206it does not return control to 167Bug. Is this test supposed to work with
207interrupt-driven console I/O?
208
209
210What's new
211----------
212
213
214Thanks
215------
216
217- to On-Line Applications Research Corporation (OAR) for developing
218RTEMS and making it available on a Technology Transfer basis;
219
220- to FSF and Cygnus Support for great free software;
221
222
223Test Configuration
224------------------
225
226Board:                Motorola MVME167
227CPU:                  Motorola MC68040
228Clock Speed:          25 MHz
229RAM:                  4 MBytes of 32-bit DRAM with parity
230Cache Configuration:  Instruction cache on; data cache on, copyback mode.
231Times Reported in:    microseconds
232Timer Source:         VMEchip2 Tick Timer 1
233GCC Flags:            -m68040 -g -O4 -fomit-frame-pointer
234Console:              Operate in polled mode. Set CD2401_POLLED_IO to 1 in
235                      rtems/c/src/lib/libbsp/m68k/mvme167/console/console.c.     
236
237
238Test Results
239------------
240
241Single processor tests:  All tests passed, except the following ones:
242
243  - paranoia required the FPSP and the default variants of libm (and libc and
244    libgcc) for us. It may work with the msoft-float variants for you, but it
245    does require the FPSP.
246 
247  - cpuuse and malloctest did not work.
248 
249  - The stackchk test got an access fault exception before the RTEMS stack
250    checker had had a chance to detect the corrupted stack.
251                         
252                         
253Multi-processort tests:  not applicable -- No MPCI layer yet.
254
255
256Timing tests:
257
258        Context Switch
259
260    context switch: no floating point contexts 12
261    context switch: self 3
262    context switch: to another task 3
263    fp context switch: restore 1st FP task 14
264    fp context switch: save idle, restore initialized 5
265    fp context switch: save idle, restore idle 15
266    fp context switch: save initialized, restore initialized 5
267   
268   
269  Miscellaneous
270 
271    _ISR_Disable 1
272    _ISR_Flash 0
273    _ISR_Enable 0
274   
275    _Thread_Disable_dispatch 0
276    _Thread_Enable_dispatch 3
277    _Thread_Set_state 9
278    _Thread_Disptach (NO FP) 16
279    _Thread_Resume 6
280    _Thread_Unblock 4
281    _Thread_Ready 6
282    _Thread_Get 3
283    _Thread_Get: invalid id 0
284   
285    _Semaphore_Get 2
286
287
288        Task Manager
289
290    rtems_task_create 56
291    rtems_task_ident 106
292    rtems_task_start 21
293    rtems_task_restart: calling task 24
294    rtems_task_restart: suspended task -- returns to caller 27
295    rtems_task_restart: blocked task -- returns to caller 36
296    rtems_task_restart: ready task -- returns to caller 27
297    rtems_task_restart: suspended task -- preempts caller 40
298    rtems_task_restart: blocked task -- preempts caller 51
299    rtems_task_restart: ready task -- preempts caller 52
300    rtems_task_delete: calling task 67
301    rtems_task_delete: suspended task 52
302    rtems_task_delete: blocked task 54
303    rtems_task_delete: ready task 54
304    rtems_task_suspend: calling task 23
305    rtems_task_suspend: returns to caller 12
306    rtems_task_resume: task readied -- returns to caller 13
307    rtems_task_resume: task readied -- preempts caller 22
308    rtems_task_set_priority: obtain current priority 8
309    rtems_task_set_priority: returns to caller 16
310    rtems_task_set_priority: preempts caller 34
311    rtems_task_mode: obtain current mode 4
312    rtems_task_mode: no reschedule 5
313    rtems_task_mode: reschedule -- returns to caller 12
314    rtems_task_mode: reschedule -- preempts caller 26
315    rtems_task_get_note 8
316    rtems_task_set_note 8
317    rtems_task_wake_after: yield -- returns to caller 4
318    rtems_task_wake_after: yields -- preempts caller 19
319    rtems_task_wake_when 36
320
321
322        Interrupt Manager
323
324    interrupt entry overhead: returns to nested interrupt 5
325    interrupt entry overhead: returns to interrupted task 9
326    interrupt entry overhead: returns to preempting task 7
327    interrupt exit overhead: returns to nested interrupt 1
328    interrupt exit overhead: returns to interrupted task 2
329    interrupt exit overhead: returns to preempting task 26
330
331
332        Clock Manager
333
334    rtems_clock_set 20
335    rtems_clock_get <1
336    rtems_clock_tick 8
337
338
339        Timer Manager
340
341    rtems_timer_create 8
342        rtems_timer_ident 104
343    rtems_timer_delete: inactive 12
344    rtems_timer_delete: active 13
345    rtems_timer_fire_after: inactive 17
346    rtems_timer_fire_after: active 18
347    rtems_timer_fire_when: inactive 23
348    rtems_timer_fire_when: active 23
349    rtems_timer_reset: inactive 16
350    rtems_timer_reset: active 17
351    rtems_timer_cancel: inactive 9
352    rtems_timer_cancel: active 10
353
354
355        Semaphore Manager
356
357    rtems_semaphore_create 22
358    rtems_semaphore_ident 119
359    rtems_semaphore_delete 24
360    rtems_semaphore_obtain: available 10
361    rtems_semaphore_obtain: not available -- NO_WAIT 10
362    rtems_semaphore_obtain: not available -- caller blocks 35
363    rtems_semaphore_release: no waiting tasks 11
364    rtems_semaphore_release: task readied -- returns to caller 17
365    rtems_semaphore_release: task readied -- preempts caller 27
366
367
368        Message Queue Manager
369
370    rtems_message_queue_create 85
371    rtems_message_queue_ident 103
372    rtems_message_queue_delete 32
373    rtems_message_queue_send: no waiting tasks 25
374    rtems_message_queue_send: task readied -- returns to caller 27
375    rtems_message_queue_send: task readied -- preempts caller 39
376    rtems_message_queue_urgent: no waiting tasks 26
377    rtems_message_queue_urgent: task readied -- returns to caller 28
378    rtems_message_queue_urgent: task readied -- preempts caller 39
379    rtems_message_queue_broadcast: no waiting tasks 13
380    rtems_message_queue_broadcast: task readied -- returns to caller 37
381    rtems_message_queue_broadcast: task readied -- preempts caller 45
382    rtems_message_queue_receive: available 21
383    rtems_message_queue_receive: not available -- NO_WAIT 11
384    rtems_message_queue_receive: not available -- caller blocks 37
385    rtems_message_queue_flush: no messages flushed 7
386    rtems_message_queue_flush: messages flushed 10
387
388
389        Event Manager
390
391    rtems_event_send: no task readied 7
392    rtems_event_send: task readied -- returns to caller 18
393    rtems_event_send: task readied -- preempts caller 29
394    rtems_event_receive: obtain current events <1
395    rtems_event_receive: available 10
396    rtems_event_receive: not available -- NO_WAIT 5
397    rtems_event_receive: not available -- caller blocks 28
398
399
400        Signal Manager
401
402    rtems_signal_catch 5
403    rtems_signal_send: returns to caller 15
404    rtems_signal_send: signal to self 24
405    exit ASR overhead: returns to calling task 20
406    exit ASR overhead: returns to preempting task 21
407
408
409        Partition Manager
410
411    rtems_partition_create 30
412    rtems_partition_ident 103
413    rtems_partition_delete 14
414    rtems_partition_get_buffer: available 14
415    rtems_partition_get_buffer: not available 9
416    rtems_partition_return_buffer 18
417
418
419        Region Manager
420
421    rtems_region_create 25
422    rtems_region_ident 105
423    rtems_region_delete 13
424    rtems_region_get_segment: available 13
425    rtems_region_get_segment: not available -- NO_WAIT 17
426    rtems_region_get_segment: not available -- caller blocks 49
427    rtems_region_return_segment: no waiting tasks 16
428    rtems_region_return_segment: task readied -- returns to caller 35
429    rtems_region_return_segment: task readied -- preempts caller 58
430
431
432        Dual-Ported Memory Manager
433
434    rtems_port_create 13
435          rtems_port_ident 103
436    rtems_port_delete 14
437    rtems_port_external_to_internal 5
438    rtems_port_internal_to_external 5
439
440
441        IO Manager
442
443    rtems_io_initialize <1
444    rtems_io_open <1
445    rtems_io_close <1
446    rtems_io_read <1
447    rtems_io_write <1
448    rtems_io_control <1
449
450
451        Rate Monotonic Manager
452
453    rtems_rate_monotonic_create 15
454          rtems_rate_monotonic_ident 103
455    rtems_rate_monotonic_cancel 16
456    rtems_rate_monotonic_delete: active 18
457    rtems_rate_monotonic_delete: inactive 20
458    rtems_rate_monotonic_period: initiate period -- returns to caller 23
459    rtems_rate_monotonic_period: conclude periods -- caller blocks 25
460    rtems_rate_monotonic_period: obtain status 13
461
462
463Network tests:
464       Network driver is not implemented.
465
466
467
Note: See TracBrowser for help on using the repository browser.