1 | /* |
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2 | * This file contains the PC386 timer package. |
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3 | * |
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4 | * Rosimildo daSilva -ConnectTel, Inc - Fixed infinite loop in the Calibration |
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5 | * routine. I've seen this problems with faster machines ( pentiums ). Sometimes |
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6 | * RTEMS just hangs at startup. |
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7 | * |
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8 | * Joel 9 May 2010: This is now seen sometimes on qemu. |
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9 | * |
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10 | * Modifications by: |
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11 | * (C) Copyright 1997 - |
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12 | * NavIST Group - Real-Time Distributed Systems and Industrial Automation |
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13 | * http://pandora.ist.utl.pt |
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14 | * Instituto Superior Tecnico * Lisboa * PORTUGAL |
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15 | * |
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16 | * This file is provided "AS IS" without warranty of any kind, either |
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17 | * expressed or implied. |
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18 | * |
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19 | * Based upon code by |
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20 | * COPYRIGHT (c) 1989-1999. |
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21 | * On-Line Applications Research Corporation (OAR). |
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22 | * |
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23 | * The license and distribution terms for this file may be |
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24 | * found in the file LICENSE in this distribution or at |
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25 | * http://www.rtems.com/license/LICENSE. |
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26 | * |
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27 | * $Id$ |
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28 | */ |
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29 | |
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30 | #include <stdlib.h> |
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31 | #include <bsp.h> |
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32 | #include <rtems/btimer.h> |
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33 | #include <bsp/irq.h> |
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34 | #include <libcpu/cpuModel.h> |
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35 | |
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36 | /* |
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37 | * Constants |
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38 | */ |
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39 | #define AVG_OVERHEAD 0 /* 0.1 microseconds to start/stop timer. */ |
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40 | #define LEAST_VALID 1 /* Don't trust a value lower than this. */ |
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41 | #define SLOW_DOWN_IO 0x80 /* io which does nothing */ |
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42 | |
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43 | #define TWO_MS (uint32_t)(2000) /* TWO_MS = 2000us (sic!) */ |
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44 | |
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45 | #define MSK_NULL_COUNT 0x40 /* bit counter available for reading */ |
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46 | |
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47 | #define CMD_READ_BACK_STATUS 0xE2 /* command read back status */ |
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48 | |
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49 | /* |
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50 | * Global Variables |
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51 | */ |
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52 | volatile uint32_t Ttimer_val; |
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53 | bool benchmark_timer_find_average_overhead = true; |
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54 | volatile unsigned int fastLoop1ms, slowLoop1ms; |
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55 | |
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56 | void (*benchmark_timer_initialize_function)(void) = 0; |
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57 | uint32_t (*benchmark_timer_read_function)(void) = 0; |
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58 | void (*Timer_exit_function)(void) = 0; |
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59 | |
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60 | /* timer (int 08h) Interrupt Service Routine (defined in 'timerisr.s') */ |
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61 | extern void timerisr(void); |
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62 | |
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63 | void Timer_exit(void); |
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64 | |
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65 | /* |
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66 | * Pentium optimized timer handling. |
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67 | */ |
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68 | |
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69 | /* |
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70 | * Timer cleanup routine at RTEMS exit. NOTE: This routine is |
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71 | * not really necessary, since there will be a reset at exit. |
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72 | */ |
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73 | |
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74 | void tsc_timer_exit(void) |
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75 | { |
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76 | } |
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77 | |
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78 | void tsc_timer_initialize(void) |
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79 | { |
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80 | static bool First = true; |
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81 | |
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82 | if (First) { |
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83 | First = false; |
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84 | |
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85 | atexit(Timer_exit); /* Try not to hose the system at exit. */ |
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86 | } |
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87 | Ttimer_val = rdtsc(); /* read starting time */ |
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88 | } |
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89 | |
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90 | /* |
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91 | * |
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92 | */ |
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93 | uint32_t tsc_read_timer(void) |
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94 | { |
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95 | register uint32_t total; |
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96 | |
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97 | total = (uint32_t)(rdtsc() - Ttimer_val); |
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98 | |
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99 | if (benchmark_timer_find_average_overhead) |
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100 | return total; |
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101 | |
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102 | if (total < LEAST_VALID) |
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103 | return 0; /* below timer resolution */ |
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104 | |
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105 | return (total - AVG_OVERHEAD); |
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106 | } |
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107 | |
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108 | /* |
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109 | * Non-Pentium timer handling. |
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110 | */ |
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111 | #define US_PER_ISR 250 /* Number of micro-seconds per timer interruption */ |
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112 | |
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113 | /* |
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114 | * Timer cleanup routine at RTEMS exit. NOTE: This routine is |
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115 | * not really necessary, since there will be a reset at exit. |
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116 | */ |
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117 | static void timerOff(const rtems_raw_irq_connect_data* used) |
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118 | { |
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119 | /* |
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120 | * disable interrrupt at i8259 level |
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121 | */ |
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122 | BSP_irq_disable_at_i8259s(used->idtIndex - BSP_IRQ_VECTOR_BASE); |
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123 | /* reset timer mode to standard (DOS) value */ |
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124 | outport_byte(TIMER_MODE, TIMER_SEL0|TIMER_16BIT|TIMER_RATEGEN); |
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125 | outport_byte(TIMER_CNTR0, 0); |
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126 | outport_byte(TIMER_CNTR0, 0); |
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127 | } |
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128 | |
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129 | static void timerOn(const rtems_raw_irq_connect_data* used) |
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130 | { |
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131 | /* load timer for US_PER_ISR microsecond period */ |
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132 | outport_byte(TIMER_MODE, TIMER_SEL0|TIMER_16BIT|TIMER_RATEGEN); |
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133 | outport_byte(TIMER_CNTR0, US_TO_TICK(US_PER_ISR) >> 0 & 0xff); |
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134 | outport_byte(TIMER_CNTR0, US_TO_TICK(US_PER_ISR) >> 8 & 0xff); |
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135 | |
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136 | /* |
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137 | * enable interrrupt at i8259 level |
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138 | */ |
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139 | BSP_irq_enable_at_i8259s(used->idtIndex - BSP_IRQ_VECTOR_BASE); |
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140 | } |
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141 | |
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142 | static int timerIsOn(const rtems_raw_irq_connect_data *used) |
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143 | { |
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144 | return BSP_irq_enabled_at_i8259s(used->idtIndex - BSP_IRQ_VECTOR_BASE); |
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145 | } |
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146 | |
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147 | static rtems_raw_irq_connect_data timer_raw_irq_data = { |
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148 | BSP_PERIODIC_TIMER + BSP_IRQ_VECTOR_BASE, |
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149 | timerisr, |
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150 | timerOn, |
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151 | timerOff, |
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152 | timerIsOn |
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153 | }; |
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154 | |
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155 | /* |
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156 | * Timer cleanup routine at RTEMS exit. NOTE: This routine is |
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157 | * not really necessary, since there will be a reset at exit. |
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158 | */ void |
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159 | i386_timer_exit(void) |
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160 | { |
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161 | i386_delete_idt_entry (&timer_raw_irq_data); |
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162 | } |
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163 | |
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164 | extern void rtems_irq_prologue_0(void); |
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165 | void i386_timer_initialize(void) |
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166 | { |
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167 | static bool First = true; |
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168 | |
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169 | if (First) { |
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170 | rtems_raw_irq_connect_data raw_irq_data = { |
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171 | BSP_PERIODIC_TIMER + BSP_IRQ_VECTOR_BASE, |
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172 | rtems_irq_prologue_0, |
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173 | NULL, |
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174 | NULL, |
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175 | NULL |
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176 | }; |
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177 | |
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178 | First = false; |
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179 | i386_delete_idt_entry (&raw_irq_data); |
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180 | |
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181 | atexit(Timer_exit); /* Try not to hose the system at exit. */ |
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182 | if (!i386_set_idt_entry (&timer_raw_irq_data)) { |
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183 | printk("raw handler connection failed\n"); |
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184 | rtems_fatal_error_occurred(1); |
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185 | } |
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186 | } |
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187 | /* wait for ISR to be called at least once */ |
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188 | Ttimer_val = 0; |
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189 | while (Ttimer_val == 0) |
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190 | continue; |
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191 | Ttimer_val = 0; |
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192 | } |
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193 | |
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194 | /* |
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195 | * Read hardware timer value. |
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196 | */ |
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197 | uint32_t i386_read_timer(void) |
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198 | { |
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199 | register uint32_t total, clicks; |
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200 | register uint8_t lsb, msb; |
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201 | |
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202 | outport_byte(TIMER_MODE, TIMER_SEL0|TIMER_LATCH); |
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203 | inport_byte(TIMER_CNTR0, lsb); |
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204 | inport_byte(TIMER_CNTR0, msb); |
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205 | clicks = (msb << 8) | lsb; |
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206 | total = (Ttimer_val * US_PER_ISR) + (US_PER_ISR - TICK_TO_US(clicks)); |
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207 | |
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208 | if (benchmark_timer_find_average_overhead) |
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209 | return total; |
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210 | |
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211 | if (total < LEAST_VALID) |
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212 | return 0; /* below timer resolution */ |
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213 | |
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214 | return (total - AVG_OVERHEAD); |
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215 | } |
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216 | |
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217 | /* |
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218 | * General timer functions using either TSC-based implementation |
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219 | * or interrupt-based implementation |
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220 | */ |
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221 | |
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222 | void benchmark_timer_initialize(void) |
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223 | { |
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224 | static bool First = true; |
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225 | |
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226 | if (First) { |
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227 | if (x86_has_tsc()) { |
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228 | #if defined(DEBUG) |
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229 | printk("TSC: timer initialization\n"); |
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230 | #endif /* DEBUG */ |
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231 | benchmark_timer_initialize_function = &tsc_timer_initialize; |
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232 | benchmark_timer_read_function = &tsc_read_timer; |
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233 | Timer_exit_function = &tsc_timer_exit; |
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234 | } else { |
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235 | #if defined(DEBUG) |
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236 | printk("ISR: timer initialization\n"); |
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237 | #endif /* DEBUG */ |
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238 | benchmark_timer_initialize_function = &i386_timer_initialize; |
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239 | benchmark_timer_read_function = &i386_read_timer; |
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240 | Timer_exit_function = &i386_timer_exit; |
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241 | } |
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242 | First = false; |
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243 | } |
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244 | (*benchmark_timer_initialize_function)(); |
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245 | } |
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246 | |
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247 | uint32_t benchmark_timer_read(void) |
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248 | { |
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249 | return (*benchmark_timer_read_function)(); |
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250 | } |
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251 | |
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252 | void Timer_exit(void) |
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253 | { |
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254 | if ( Timer_exit_function ) |
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255 | return (*Timer_exit_function)(); |
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256 | } |
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257 | |
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258 | /* |
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259 | * Set internal benchmark_timer_find_average_overhead flag value. |
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260 | */ |
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261 | void benchmark_timer_disable_subtracting_average_overhead(bool find_flag) |
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262 | { |
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263 | benchmark_timer_find_average_overhead = find_flag; |
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264 | } |
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265 | |
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266 | static unsigned short lastLoadedValue; |
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267 | |
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268 | /* |
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269 | * Loads timer 0 with value passed as arguemnt. |
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270 | * |
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271 | * Returns: Nothing. Loaded value must be a number of clock bits... |
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272 | */ |
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273 | void loadTimerValue( unsigned short loadedValue ) |
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274 | { |
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275 | lastLoadedValue = loadedValue; |
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276 | outport_byte(TIMER_MODE, TIMER_SEL0|TIMER_16BIT|TIMER_SQWAVE); |
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277 | outport_byte(TIMER_CNTR0, loadedValue & 0xff); |
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278 | outport_byte(TIMER_CNTR0, (loadedValue >> 8) & 0xff); |
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279 | } |
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280 | |
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281 | /* |
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282 | * Reads the current value of the timer, and converts the |
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283 | * number of ticks to micro-seconds. |
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284 | * |
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285 | * Returns: number of clock bits elapsed since last load. |
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286 | */ |
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287 | unsigned int readTimer0(void) |
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288 | { |
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289 | unsigned short lsb, msb; |
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290 | unsigned char status; |
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291 | unsigned int count; |
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292 | |
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293 | outport_byte( |
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294 | TIMER_MODE, |
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295 | (TIMER_RD_BACK | (RB_COUNT_0 & ~(RB_NOT_STATUS | RB_NOT_COUNT))) |
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296 | ); |
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297 | inport_byte(TIMER_CNTR0, status); |
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298 | inport_byte(TIMER_CNTR0, lsb); |
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299 | inport_byte(TIMER_CNTR0, msb); |
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300 | count = ( msb << 8 ) | lsb ; |
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301 | if (status & RB_OUTPUT ) |
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302 | count += lastLoadedValue; |
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303 | |
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304 | return (2*lastLoadedValue - count); |
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305 | } |
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306 | |
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307 | void Timer0Reset(void) |
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308 | { |
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309 | loadTimerValue(0xffff); |
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310 | readTimer0(); |
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311 | } |
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312 | |
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313 | void fastLoop (unsigned int loopCount) |
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314 | { |
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315 | unsigned int i; |
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316 | for( i=0; i < loopCount; i++ )outport_byte( SLOW_DOWN_IO, 0 ); |
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317 | } |
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318 | |
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319 | void slowLoop (unsigned int loopCount) |
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320 | { |
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321 | unsigned int j; |
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322 | for (j=0; j <100 ; j++) { |
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323 | fastLoop (loopCount); |
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324 | } |
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325 | } |
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326 | |
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327 | /* |
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328 | * #define DEBUG_CALIBRATE |
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329 | */ |
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330 | void |
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331 | Calibrate_loop_1ms(void) |
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332 | { |
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333 | unsigned int offset, offsetTmp, emptyCall, emptyCallTmp, res, i, j; |
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334 | unsigned int targetClockBits, currentClockBits; |
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335 | unsigned int slowLoopGranularity, fastLoopGranularity; |
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336 | rtems_interrupt_level level; |
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337 | int retries = 0; |
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338 | |
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339 | rtems_interrupt_disable(level); |
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340 | |
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341 | retry: |
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342 | if ( ++retries >= 5 ) { |
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343 | printk( "Calibrate_loop_1ms: too many attempts. giving up!!\n" ); |
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344 | while (1); |
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345 | } |
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346 | #ifdef DEBUG_CALIBRATE |
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347 | printk("Calibrate_loop_1ms is starting, please wait (but not too long.)\n"); |
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348 | #endif |
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349 | targetClockBits = US_TO_TICK(1000); |
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350 | /* |
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351 | * Fill up the cache to get a correct offset |
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352 | */ |
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353 | Timer0Reset(); |
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354 | readTimer0(); |
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355 | /* |
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356 | * Compute the minimal offset to apply due to read counter register. |
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357 | */ |
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358 | offset = 0xffffffff; |
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359 | for (i=0; i <1000; i++) { |
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360 | Timer0Reset(); |
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361 | offsetTmp = readTimer0(); |
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362 | offset += offsetTmp; |
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363 | } |
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364 | offset = offset / 1000; /* compute average */ |
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365 | /* |
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366 | * calibrate empty call |
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367 | */ |
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368 | fastLoop (0); |
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369 | emptyCall = 0; |
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370 | j = 0; |
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371 | for (i=0; i <10; i++) { |
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372 | Timer0Reset(); |
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373 | fastLoop (0); |
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374 | res = readTimer0(); |
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375 | /* res may be inferior to offset on fast |
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376 | * machine because we took an average for offset |
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377 | */ |
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378 | if (res > offset) { |
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379 | ++j; |
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380 | emptyCallTmp = res - offset; |
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381 | emptyCall += emptyCallTmp; |
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382 | } |
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383 | } |
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384 | if (j == 0) emptyCall = 0; |
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385 | else emptyCall = emptyCall / j; /* compute average */ |
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386 | /* |
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387 | * calibrate fast loop |
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388 | */ |
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389 | Timer0Reset(); |
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390 | fastLoop (10000); |
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391 | res = readTimer0() - offset; |
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392 | if (res < emptyCall) { |
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393 | printk( |
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394 | "Problem #1 in offset computation in Calibrate_loop_1ms " |
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395 | " in file libbsp/i386/pc386/timer/timer.c\n" |
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396 | ); |
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397 | goto retry; |
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398 | } |
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399 | fastLoopGranularity = (res - emptyCall) / 10000; |
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400 | /* |
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401 | * calibrate slow loop |
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402 | */ |
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403 | Timer0Reset(); |
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404 | slowLoop(10); |
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405 | res = readTimer0(); |
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406 | if (res < offset + emptyCall) { |
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407 | printk( |
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408 | "Problem #2 in offset computation in Calibrate_loop_1ms " |
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409 | " in file libbsp/i386/pc386/timer/timer.c\n" |
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410 | ); |
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411 | goto retry; |
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412 | } |
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413 | slowLoopGranularity = (res - offset - emptyCall)/ 10; |
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414 | |
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415 | if (slowLoopGranularity == 0) { |
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416 | printk( |
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417 | "Problem #3 in offset computation in Calibrate_loop_1ms " |
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418 | " in file libbsp/i386/pc386/timer/timer.c\n" |
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419 | ); |
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420 | goto retry; |
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421 | } |
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422 | |
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423 | targetClockBits += offset; |
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424 | #ifdef DEBUG_CALIBRATE |
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425 | printk("offset = %u, emptyCall = %u, targetClockBits = %u\n", |
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426 | offset, emptyCall, targetClockBits); |
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427 | printk("slowLoopGranularity = %u fastLoopGranularity = %u\n", |
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428 | slowLoopGranularity, fastLoopGranularity); |
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429 | #endif |
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430 | slowLoop1ms = (targetClockBits - emptyCall) / slowLoopGranularity; |
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431 | if (slowLoop1ms != 0) { |
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432 | fastLoop1ms = targetClockBits % slowLoopGranularity; |
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433 | if (fastLoop1ms > emptyCall) fastLoop1ms -= emptyCall; |
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434 | } |
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435 | else |
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436 | fastLoop1ms = targetClockBits - emptyCall / fastLoopGranularity; |
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437 | |
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438 | if (slowLoop1ms != 0) { |
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439 | /* |
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440 | * calibrate slow loop |
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441 | */ |
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442 | |
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443 | while(1) |
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444 | { |
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445 | int previousSign = 0; /* 0 = unset, 1 = incrementing, 2 = decrementing */ |
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446 | Timer0Reset(); |
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447 | slowLoop(slowLoop1ms); |
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448 | currentClockBits = readTimer0(); |
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449 | if (currentClockBits > targetClockBits) { |
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450 | if ((currentClockBits - targetClockBits) < slowLoopGranularity) { |
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451 | /* decrement loop counter anyway to be sure slowLoop(slowLoop1ms) < targetClockBits */ |
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452 | --slowLoop1ms; |
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453 | break; |
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454 | } |
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455 | else { |
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456 | --slowLoop1ms; |
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457 | if (slowLoop1ms == 0) break; |
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458 | if (previousSign == 0) previousSign = 2; |
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459 | if (previousSign == 1) break; |
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460 | } |
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461 | } |
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462 | else { |
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463 | if ((targetClockBits - currentClockBits) < slowLoopGranularity) { |
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464 | break; |
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465 | } |
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466 | else { |
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467 | ++slowLoop1ms; |
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468 | if (previousSign == 0) previousSign = 1; |
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469 | if (previousSign == 2) break; |
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470 | } |
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471 | } |
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472 | } |
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473 | } |
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474 | /* |
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475 | * calibrate fast loop |
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476 | */ |
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477 | |
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478 | if (fastLoopGranularity != 0 ) { |
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479 | while(1) { |
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480 | int previousSign = 0; /* 0 = unset, 1 = incrementing, 2 = decrementing */ |
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481 | Timer0Reset(); |
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482 | if (slowLoop1ms != 0) slowLoop(slowLoop1ms); |
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483 | fastLoop(fastLoop1ms); |
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484 | currentClockBits = readTimer0(); |
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485 | if (currentClockBits > targetClockBits) { |
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486 | if ((currentClockBits - targetClockBits) < fastLoopGranularity) |
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487 | break; |
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488 | else { |
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489 | --fastLoop1ms; |
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490 | if (previousSign == 0) previousSign = 2; |
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491 | if (previousSign == 1) break; |
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492 | } |
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493 | } |
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494 | else { |
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495 | if ((targetClockBits - currentClockBits) < fastLoopGranularity) |
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496 | break; |
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497 | else { |
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498 | ++fastLoop1ms; |
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499 | if (previousSign == 0) previousSign = 1; |
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500 | if (previousSign == 2) break; |
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501 | } |
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502 | } |
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503 | } |
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504 | } |
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505 | #ifdef DEBUG_CALIBRATE |
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506 | printk("slowLoop1ms = %u, fastLoop1ms = %u\n", slowLoop1ms, fastLoop1ms); |
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507 | #endif |
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508 | rtems_interrupt_enable(level); |
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509 | |
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510 | } |
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511 | |
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512 | /* |
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513 | * loop which waits at least timeToWait ms |
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514 | */ |
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515 | void Wait_X_ms( unsigned int timeToWait) |
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516 | { |
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517 | unsigned int j; |
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518 | |
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519 | for (j=0; j<timeToWait ; j++) { |
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520 | if (slowLoop1ms != 0) slowLoop(slowLoop1ms); |
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521 | fastLoop(fastLoop1ms); |
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522 | } |
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523 | } |
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