1 | .. SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-SA-4.0 |
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2 | |
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3 | .. Copyright (C) 1988, 2002 On-Line Applications Research Corporation (OAR) |
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4 | |
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5 | Process Creation and Execution Manager |
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6 | ###################################### |
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7 | |
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8 | Introduction |
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9 | ============ |
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10 | |
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11 | The process creation and execution manager provides the functionality |
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12 | associated with the creation and termination of processes. |
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13 | |
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14 | The directives provided by the process creation and execution manager are: |
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15 | |
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16 | - fork_ - Create a Process |
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17 | |
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18 | - execl_ - Execute a File |
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19 | |
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20 | - execv_ - Execute a File |
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21 | |
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22 | - execle_ - Execute a File |
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23 | |
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24 | - execve_ - Execute a File |
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25 | |
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26 | - execlp_ - Execute a File |
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27 | |
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28 | - execvp_ - Execute a File |
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29 | |
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30 | - pthread_atfork_ - Register Fork Handlers |
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31 | |
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32 | - wait_ - Wait for Process Termination |
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33 | |
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34 | - waitpid_ - Wait for Process Termination |
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35 | |
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36 | - `_exit`_ - Terminate a Process |
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37 | |
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38 | Background |
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39 | ========== |
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40 | |
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41 | POSIX process functionality can not be completely supported by RTEMS. This is |
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42 | because RTEMS provides no memory protection and implements a *single process, |
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43 | multi-threaded execution model*. In this light, RTEMS provides none of the |
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44 | routines that are associated with the creation of new processes. However, |
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45 | since the entire RTEMS application (e.g. executable) is logically a single |
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46 | POSIX process, RTEMS is able to provide implementations of many operations on |
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47 | processes. The rule of thumb is that those routines provide a meaningful |
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48 | result. For example, ``getpid()`` returns the node number. |
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49 | |
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50 | Operations |
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51 | ========== |
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52 | |
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53 | The only functionality method defined by this manager which is supported by |
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54 | RTEMS is the ``_exit`` service. The implementation of ``_exit`` shuts the |
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55 | application down and is equivalent to invoking either ``exit`` or |
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56 | ``rtems_shutdown_executive``. |
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57 | |
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58 | Directives |
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59 | ========== |
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60 | |
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61 | This section details the process creation and execution manager's directives. |
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62 | A subsection is dedicated to each of this manager's directives and describes |
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63 | the calling sequence, related constants, usage, and status codes. |
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64 | |
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65 | .. _fork: |
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66 | |
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67 | fork - Create a Process |
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68 | ----------------------- |
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69 | .. index:: fork |
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70 | .. index:: create a process |
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71 | |
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72 | **CALLING SEQUENCE:** |
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73 | |
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74 | .. code-block:: c |
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75 | |
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76 | #include <sys/types.h> |
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77 | int fork( void ); |
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78 | |
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79 | **STATUS CODES:** |
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80 | |
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81 | .. list-table:: |
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82 | :class: rtems-table |
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83 | |
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84 | * - ``ENOSYS`` |
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85 | - This routine is not supported by RTEMS. |
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86 | |
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87 | **DESCRIPTION:** |
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88 | |
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89 | This routine is not supported by RTEMS. |
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90 | |
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91 | **NOTES:** |
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92 | |
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93 | NONE |
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94 | |
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95 | .. _execl: |
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96 | |
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97 | execl - Execute a File |
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98 | ---------------------- |
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99 | .. index:: execl |
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100 | .. index:: execute a file |
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101 | |
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102 | **CALLING SEQUENCE:** |
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103 | |
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104 | .. code-block:: c |
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105 | |
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106 | int execl( |
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107 | const char *path, |
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108 | const char *arg, |
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109 | ... |
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110 | ); |
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111 | |
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112 | **STATUS CODES:** |
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113 | |
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114 | .. list-table:: |
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115 | :class: rtems-table |
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116 | |
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117 | * - ``ENOSYS`` |
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118 | - This routine is not supported by RTEMS. |
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119 | |
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120 | **DESCRIPTION:** |
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121 | |
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122 | This routine is not supported by RTEMS. |
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123 | |
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124 | **NOTES:** |
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125 | |
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126 | NONE |
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127 | |
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128 | .. _execv: |
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129 | |
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130 | execv - Execute a File |
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131 | ---------------------- |
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132 | .. index:: execv |
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133 | .. index:: execute a file |
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134 | |
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135 | **CALLING SEQUENCE:** |
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136 | |
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137 | .. code-block:: c |
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138 | |
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139 | int execv( |
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140 | const char *path, |
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141 | char const *argv[], |
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142 | ... |
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143 | ); |
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144 | |
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145 | **STATUS CODES:** |
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146 | |
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147 | .. list-table:: |
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148 | :class: rtems-table |
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149 | |
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150 | * - ``ENOSYS`` |
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151 | - This routine is not supported by RTEMS. |
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152 | |
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153 | **DESCRIPTION:** |
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154 | |
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155 | This routine is not supported by RTEMS. |
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156 | |
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157 | **NOTES:** |
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158 | |
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159 | NONE |
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160 | |
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161 | .. _execle: |
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162 | |
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163 | execle - Execute a File |
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164 | ----------------------- |
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165 | .. index:: execle |
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166 | .. index:: execute a file |
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167 | |
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168 | **CALLING SEQUENCE:** |
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169 | |
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170 | .. code-block:: c |
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171 | |
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172 | int execle( |
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173 | const char *path, |
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174 | const char *arg, |
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175 | ... |
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176 | ); |
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177 | |
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178 | **STATUS CODES:** |
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179 | |
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180 | .. list-table:: |
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181 | :class: rtems-table |
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182 | |
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183 | * - ``ENOSYS`` |
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184 | - This routine is not supported by RTEMS. |
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185 | |
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186 | **DESCRIPTION:** |
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187 | |
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188 | This routine is not supported by RTEMS. |
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189 | |
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190 | **NOTES:** |
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191 | |
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192 | NONE |
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193 | |
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194 | .. _execve: |
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195 | |
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196 | execve - Execute a File |
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197 | ----------------------- |
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198 | .. index:: execve |
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199 | .. index:: execute a file |
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200 | |
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201 | **CALLING SEQUENCE:** |
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202 | |
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203 | .. code-block:: c |
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204 | |
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205 | int execve( |
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206 | const char *path, |
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207 | char *const argv[], |
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208 | char *const envp[] |
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209 | ); |
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210 | |
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211 | **STATUS CODES:** |
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212 | |
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213 | .. list-table:: |
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214 | :class: rtems-table |
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215 | |
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216 | * - ``ENOSYS`` |
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217 | - This routine is not supported by RTEMS. |
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218 | |
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219 | **DESCRIPTION:** |
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220 | |
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221 | This routine is not supported by RTEMS. |
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222 | |
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223 | **NOTES:** |
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224 | |
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225 | NONE |
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226 | |
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227 | .. _execlp: |
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228 | |
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229 | execlp - Execute a File |
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230 | ----------------------- |
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231 | .. index:: execlp |
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232 | .. index:: execute a file |
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233 | |
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234 | **CALLING SEQUENCE:** |
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235 | |
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236 | .. code-block:: c |
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237 | |
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238 | int execlp( |
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239 | const char *file, |
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240 | const char *arg, |
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241 | ... |
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242 | ); |
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243 | |
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244 | **STATUS CODES:** |
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245 | |
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246 | .. list-table:: |
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247 | :class: rtems-table |
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248 | |
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249 | * - ``ENOSYS`` |
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250 | - This routine is not supported by RTEMS. |
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251 | |
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252 | **DESCRIPTION:** |
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253 | |
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254 | This routine is not supported by RTEMS. |
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255 | |
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256 | **NOTES:** |
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257 | |
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258 | NONE |
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259 | |
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260 | .. _execvp: |
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261 | |
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262 | execvp - Execute a File |
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263 | ----------------------- |
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264 | .. index:: execvp |
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265 | .. index:: execute a file |
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266 | |
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267 | **CALLING SEQUENCE:** |
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268 | |
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269 | .. code-block:: c |
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270 | |
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271 | int execvp( |
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272 | const char *file, |
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273 | char *const argv[], |
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274 | ... |
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275 | ); |
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276 | |
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277 | **STATUS CODES:** |
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278 | |
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279 | .. list-table:: |
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280 | :class: rtems-table |
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281 | |
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282 | * - ``ENOSYS`` |
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283 | - This routine is not supported by RTEMS. |
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284 | |
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285 | **DESCRIPTION:** |
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286 | |
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287 | This routine is not supported by RTEMS. |
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288 | |
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289 | **NOTES:** |
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290 | |
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291 | NONE |
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292 | |
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293 | .. _pthread_atfork: |
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294 | |
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295 | pthread_atfork - Register Fork Handlers |
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296 | --------------------------------------- |
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297 | .. index:: pthread_atfork |
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298 | .. index:: register fork handlers |
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299 | |
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300 | **CALLING SEQUENCE:** |
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301 | |
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302 | .. code-block:: c |
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303 | |
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304 | #include <sys/types.h> |
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305 | int pthread_atfork( |
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306 | void (*prepare)(void), |
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307 | void (*parent)(void), |
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308 | void (*child)(void) |
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309 | ); |
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310 | |
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311 | **STATUS CODES:** |
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312 | |
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313 | .. list-table:: |
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314 | :class: rtems-table |
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315 | |
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316 | * - ``ENOSYS`` |
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317 | - This routine is not supported by RTEMS. |
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318 | |
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319 | **DESCRIPTION:** |
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320 | |
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321 | This routine is not supported by RTEMS. |
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322 | |
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323 | **NOTES:** |
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324 | |
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325 | NONE |
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326 | |
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327 | .. _wait: |
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328 | |
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329 | wait - Wait for Process Termination |
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330 | ----------------------------------- |
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331 | .. index:: wait |
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332 | .. index:: wait for process termination |
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333 | |
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334 | **CALLING SEQUENCE:** |
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335 | |
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336 | .. code-block:: c |
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337 | |
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338 | #include <sys/types.h> |
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339 | #include <sys/wait.h> |
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340 | int wait( |
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341 | int *stat_loc |
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342 | ); |
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343 | |
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344 | **STATUS CODES:** |
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345 | |
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346 | .. list-table:: |
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347 | :class: rtems-table |
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348 | |
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349 | * - ``ENOSYS`` |
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350 | - This routine is not supported by RTEMS. |
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351 | |
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352 | **DESCRIPTION:** |
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353 | |
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354 | This routine is not supported by RTEMS. |
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355 | |
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356 | **NOTES:** |
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357 | |
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358 | NONE |
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359 | |
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360 | .. _waitpid: |
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361 | |
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362 | waitpid - Wait for Process Termination |
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363 | -------------------------------------- |
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364 | .. index:: waitpid |
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365 | .. index:: wait for process termination |
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366 | |
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367 | **CALLING SEQUENCE:** |
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368 | |
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369 | .. code-block:: c |
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370 | |
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371 | int wait( |
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372 | pid_t pid, |
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373 | int *stat_loc, |
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374 | int options |
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375 | ); |
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376 | |
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377 | **STATUS CODES:** |
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378 | |
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379 | .. list-table:: |
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380 | :class: rtems-table |
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381 | |
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382 | * - ``ENOSYS`` |
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383 | - This routine is not supported by RTEMS. |
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384 | |
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385 | **DESCRIPTION:** |
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386 | |
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387 | This routine is not supported by RTEMS. |
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388 | |
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389 | **NOTES:** |
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390 | |
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391 | NONE |
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392 | |
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393 | .. _\_exit: |
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394 | |
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395 | _exit - Terminate a Process |
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396 | --------------------------- |
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397 | .. index:: _exit |
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398 | .. index:: terminate a process |
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399 | |
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400 | **CALLING SEQUENCE:** |
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401 | |
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402 | .. code-block:: c |
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403 | |
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404 | void _exit( |
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405 | int status |
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406 | ); |
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407 | |
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408 | **STATUS CODES:** |
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409 | |
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410 | NONE |
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411 | |
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412 | **DESCRIPTION:** |
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413 | |
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414 | The ``_exit()`` function terminates the calling process. |
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415 | |
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416 | **NOTES:** |
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417 | |
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418 | In RTEMS, a process is equivalent to the entire application on a single |
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419 | processor. Invoking this service terminates the application. |
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